Top Free Blogging Platforms

Blogging has become an extremely popular electronic means to share knowledge and ideas in the form of a chronological journal. Read more about what blogs are in the previous article.

For those interested in setting up a blog for any subject specific purpose, here is a short list of what can be considered as a few of the top free blogging platforms available on the web;

Wordpress
Blogger
Tumblr
Posterous
TextPattern

Collaborative Work using Google Docs

Google Docs is a collaborative workspace which is already being used within the medic elearning team whilst writing documentation requiring frequent input from two or more contributors. If you are not already familiar with Google Docs, it is another cloud-based web service which allows files/documents to be created and edited in real-time by multiple authors. Google Docs allows creation of documents as:

• Text
• Spreadsheets
• Presentations
• Drawings
• Forms
• Tables

The service is useful for the creation of dynamic content such as forms and surveys, useful for quick questionnaires should the need arise. Google Calendar is a useful feature for sharing an event or establishing availability without the need for extra effort in 'chasing' people up.

Once you have created your document, you can invite people to view/edit it via email.

Sign up to Google Docs now, or
Try without signing up

Learning Central (Blackboard)

Access to Blackboard is via http://cue.cf.ac.uk. To login to Blackboard simply use your Cardiff University username and password.

Note: Being able to log into Blackboard does not mean you have been granted permission to see any of the content modules within Blackboard. Refer to the information below for advice on how to get access to the modules you think you should be able to see.

Enrollment on Blackboard Modules

Student Enrollments
Student enrollments are handled via the University’s student management system, SIMS. SIMS is used by Registry to track all student data, including the courses and modules they are enrolled on and their status on that course (including information about tuition fees). If students do not have access to their appropriate modules, the first point of contact should be Registry to check the student details within SIMS.

Staff Enrollments
Staff access to the School of Medicine’s Blackboard modules can be granted by the School’s local Blackboard administrators.

To request access to a module, please email the medic IT team with full details of the module you require access to (including the full module code and module title) along with your Cardiff University username.

Please note we cannot provide access to another School’s modules – this must be done by their local Blackboard administrator.

Access for NHS Staff

Access for External Examiners
External examiners are entitled to access Blackboard, and will need a Cardiff University user name and password to do so. Under normal circumstances Registry will arrange login details for all external examiners.

To request access to specific Blackboard modules, use the procedure outlined above Staff Enrolments, providing the IT Team with the examiner’s user name.

In the event the examiner has not been issued with a user name and password by Registry, you should email medicIT@cardiff.ac.uk and explain that you require access for an examiner who has not received a user name and password. You should provide the name and contact details for the external examiner as well as details of the Blackboard modules they will require access to. The School’s IT Team will issue a user name and password and enrol the new account on the appropriate Blackboard modules.

Note: external examiners will only be granted student-level access to Blackboard modules unless further access is expressly requested by the module leader.
Temporary Accounts

The eLearning Team have a number of temporary accounts available that can can be loaned out to other members of staff to use as test accounts. This may be particularly useful if you need to review a Blackboard module (and activities) from a student’s perspective. Similarly accounts can be loaned out to guest users on a temporary basis.

To request a temporary account please email the medic e-learning team.

Wikis

A wiki is an editable web page which enables many-to-many communication – it is essentially a database created by a group rather than an individual (e.g. Wikipedia). Wikis are similar to blogs but allow the text on the website to be edited by others, with the creation of a common document that can be shared between individuals. One of the big advantages of collaborating with wikis is that it should reduce email traffic.

Wikis can be used to share dialogue and information among participants in group projects, or to allow learners to engage in learning with each other, using wikis as a collaborative environment to construct their knowledge or to be part of a virtual community of practice. Wikis show the evolution of thought processes as students interact with the site and its contents.

As users can modify the content of a wiki, allowing such manipulation carries some risks. Thus wikis are often monitored to ensure that inappropriate language or content are not allowed; however, this can be time-consuming.

How to do it
There are many different wiki creating and hosting services available. Wikimatrix provides a comparison of the key features offered by a variety of services. There are also plenty of other non-wiki collaborative editing tools such as googledocs. Most wiki-hosting services have a built-in search system for you to find wikis of interest, and there are some general wiki-search engines such as wikiindex.


Incorporating wikis

• To create multimedia presentations and simple digital stories as they are able to incorporate sounds, movies and pictures
• As e-portfolios illustrating their utility as a tool for collection and reflection of current thoughts
• To form groups around specific topics and might also prove to be an ideal vehicle for soliciting ongoing input for research or projects where community input can help inform and direct subsequent investigation
• As repositories for meeting notes. Agenda items are contributed prior to a meeting; notes added during the meeting are saved in a public archive

Considerations
In an open and collaborative web environment, anyone can very easily post copyrighted material without the permission of copyright holders (e.g. patient anonymity when clinical data and images are posted), post otherwise unsuitable or misleading content

A lack of clear and complete authorship/editorship information attached to each wiki entry, including authors’/editors’ affiliations and credentials, is a serious quality issue. Wiki author anonymity also poses questions for higher education institutions where assessment and grading are still typically based on individual efforts

Wikis are sometimes prone to vandalism and, as a result, to serious quality issues, because of their free form nature and the (relative/potential) lack of control over their content (e.g. edit in a way that reduces its accuracy, or even delete a good wiki entry)

Wikis do not have the functionality expected on more traditional web sites, such as the use of highly visual dynamic backgrounds that are integrated with various multimedia. However, they are highly useful pedagogically as a low technology approach to providing an online presence with the ability to have links to other online resources or to store a variety of files


Solutions
Monitoring and moderation: Wiki software packages have built-in ‘Administrator’s functionalities’ to support monitoring and moderation. However, these tasks can be very time-consuming and may prove to be too great a challenge to ask of educators who already lack time and resources

The ‘closed environment’ scenario: e.g. Learning Central – The wiki owner(s) /Administrator(s), enforce, check, and limit wiki and blog registration and editing privileges to selected, well-defined, and verifiable special interest groups or communities of users. Everyone else will still be able to access/read the wiki and, if desirable to also post limited (moderated) comments (to build a community)

Obtaining Patient Permission: Permission must be sought when posting clinical photos/videos, and all efforts should be made to preserve individuals’ privacy. Clinical wikis may also be password protected if necessary to further preserve patient confidentiality. The software also makes it a simple matter for an editor to delete/revert or modify material that violates patient privacy. Refer to patient consent and copyright policies

Podcasts

A podcast is a digital recording, commonly in the form of an audio MP3 file, but it may also include other formats, including video. The downloaded digital media files can be played on a range of devices including personal computers, laptops etc… that have a media player, such as iTunes or Windows Media Player installed. Podcasts can also be played on a wide range of portable devices, including iPods, MP3 players and an increasing number of mobile phones, and Portable Digital Assistants (PDAs).

Podcasting’s essence is about creating content for an audience that wants to listen when they want, where they want, and how they want. Several podcast RSS clients such as iPodder and, iTunes can be freely downloaded and configured to each user’s interests and needs. As with blogs, there are many searchable podcast directories available, including Podcast.net and the Educational Podcast network.

How to do it
Podcasts are created by recording an audio file and then making it available on the internet. This can be done in as simple or sophisticated a way as required, but does require basic recording equipment. There are various useful tutorials available online, such as How to Podcast. Open source audio editing and recording software, such as Audacity, is available to assist with podcast creation.

Incorporating Podcasts

• To record lectures (or preferably, parts of lectures) for those students unable to attend the lecture in person
• To record textbook content by chapter allowing students to ‘read’ or review texts while walking or travelling to class (can be significant aid for auditory learners)
• As downloadable libraries of high resolution heart and respiratory sounds for medical students
• By students as part of a multimedia project
• To provide generic feedback to students

For more examples refer to those listed by MELSIG (Media Enhanced Learning Special Interest Group).

Blogs

A blog (short for ‘web log’) typically describes an online personal diary kept on the Web, usually maintained by one person – even one with few Web publication skills. The blog is a includes regular entries of commentary, links, or other material such as graphics or video about a particular topic. The activity of updating a blog is known as ‘blogging’ and someone who keeps a blog is a ‘blogger.’ Blogging is a straightforward and interesting way for students to generate, share and keep up-to-date with timely and topical information.

Research currently suggests that blogs engage students in knowledge sharing, reflection and debate, and so often attract a large and dedicated readership. This has the advantage of creating small virtual groupings of individuals interested in co-constructing knowledge around a common topic. Through linking, commenting and feedback, good or popular ideas spread quickly, while unpopular ideas are simply ignored.

The RSS feeds generated by blogs mean users can subscribe to the blog and automatically receive updates as and when new content is added to the blog. Blog subscription and syndication services include general ones such as Blogbridge, or specialised services such as Scienceblogs. Increasingly, blogs incorporate multimedia, and you can also upload and read them via mobile devices. Due to the vast number of blogs available comprehensive blog search facilities are available at Technorati and Google.

How to do it
There are a variety of blogging services available, many of which are free. When choosing a service, you must consider the configuration and moderation options available – for example, do you want your blog to be open to all, or just invited guests? Some of the major blogging services include Edublogs, WordPress and of course the University’s Learning Central. JISC also provides a useful summary comparison chart.

Incorporating Blogs
Despite the early state of implementation, there are several studies that list advantages for using blogs in educational settings including:

• As e-Portfolios for personal reflection on clinical experience or as portfolios to store personal thoughts and information sources
• To capture and disseminate faculty-generated content as well as peer-to-peer knowledge sharing and acquisition
• As a forum for discussion that goes beyond coursework to include other areas of personal exploration
• To informally follow the progress of a topic more quickly than is possible within the rigorous expert review model of evidence gathering required by academic journals

Considerations

• In an open and collaborative web environment, anyone can very easily post copyrighted material without the permission of copyright holders (e.g. patient anonymity when clinical data and images are posted), post otherwise unsuitable or misleading content
• Blogs are sometimes prone to vandalism and, as a result, to serious quality issues, because of their free form nature and the (relative/potential) lack of control over their content
• Blogs do not have the functionality expected on more traditional web sites, such as the use of highly visual dynamic backgrounds that are integrated with various multimedia. However, they are highly useful pedagogically as a low technology approach to providing an online presence with the ability to have links to other online resources or to store a variety of files]

Solutions

• Monitoring and moderation: Blog software packages have built-in ‘Administrator’s functionalities’ to support monitoring and moderation. However, these tasks can be very time-consuming and may prove to be too great a challenge to ask of educators who already lack time and resources
• The ‘closed environment’ scenario: e.g. Learning Central - The blog owner(s) /Administrator(s), enforce, check, and limit wiki and blog registration and editing privileges to selected, well-defined, and verifiable special interest groups or communities of users. Everyone else will still be able to access/read the blog and, if desirable to also post limited (moderated) comments (to build a community)
• Obtaining Patient Permission: Permission must be sought when posting clinical photos/videos, and all efforts should be made to preserve individuals’ privacy. Clinical blogs may also be password protected if necessary to further preserve patient confidentiality. The software also makes it a simple matter for an editor to delete/revert or modify material that violates patient privacy. Refer to patient consent and copyright policies]
• Importantly, educators need to set guidelines and expectations to maximize the benefits of blogs

Blogging can be seen as a behaviour of social knowledge construction, and the use of blogs in online educational settings has the potential to help enhance students’ knowledge sharing and learning effectiveness. However, some students may not blog in spite of the availability of blog platforms.

Web 2.0

Web 2.0 is commonly referred to as a second generation of services available on the web, allowing users to do more than just retrieve information. Social software is considered a key web 2.0 development, since it encompasses services which facilitate collaborating, sharing, meeting and communicating with others online. Although much of this activity is currently social, there is a huge education potential in these tools, particularly with students who are not campus-based.

While there is no set definition of Web 2.0, the phrase generally refers to the use of interactive and collaborative web applications as social media platforms, where users participate by generating their own content alongside the content provided by the websites themselves. This characteristic is often stated as being the primary difference between Web 2.0 and the original World Wide Web (Web 1.0).

Web 2.0 applications allow students to easily create their own content and also to actively share information, opinion and support across networks of students. They are relatively easy to use requiring little or no technical expertise and there are many free an Open Source versions availble that offer flexibility and convergence options with a number of systems. In addition, they provide educational opportunities for students ‘any time, any place’. The collaborative and engaging nature of these tools can then be used to support a number of educational processes such as reflection, knowledge building and encouraging student participation and discussion.

Web 2.0 Terminology
Web 2.0 literacy is increasingly important, so here is a glossary of social media terminology to help you get the ‘gist’ of the jargon.

• Tags - The categorization of content by users adding tags (short, usually one-word descriptions or keywords to facilitate searching). As opposed to a classical taxonomy-based categorization system (e.g. MESH), they are usually non-hierarchical, and the vocabulary is open
• Tag Clouds – Give you a visual idea of tag frequency for a blog or other social media site. The more popular a tag, the bigger the text appears in the cloud.
• Folksonomies – These are collections of tags created by many users within a single system
• Syndication – allows websites to ‘push’ new content to users. RSS (Really Simple Syndication) is a family of web feed formats used to publish frequently updated works, such as blog entries, news headlines, audio and video in a standardized format. RSS benefits users who want to subscribe to multiple feeds using a feed reader. To provide a single point of access for updates to content from multiple sources. An increasing number of medical journals have RSS feeds available
• Mashup – involve the merging of information from multiple sources. For example, Google maps and BBC traffic data
• Open Source – Open Source refers to software that is available to the general public at no monetary cost. However, there may still be restrictions on what you can and cannot do with the software

Web 2.0 Software Tools
An outline of different social software tools follows. However, it is important to note that there is a growing trend for services which combine different features in one package, such as services which enable you to join online communities, set up blogs and wikis and share photographs all via one website.

Blogs
Blogs (short for ‘weblogs’) are personal websites that allow rapid updating by the author and can be most easily described as a web-based diary. Content can be easily created (listed in date order) and shared. They are designed to be interactive, allowing others to post comments about the blog entries; however, it is usually not possible for anyone to alter the content except the owner. Syndication options enable users to subscribe to blogs and digests. Increasingly, blogs incorporate multimedia, and you can also upload and read them via mobile devices. Examples of blog platforms include: Learning Central, edublogs. Microblogging – allows users to send brief text updates e.g. Twitter.

Wikis
Wikis are similar to blogs but allow the text of the website to be edited by others, with the creation of a common document that can be shared between individuals. Examples of wiki platforms include: Learning Central,  MediaWiki (the platform that wikipedia is based upon). wikis give an opportunity for users with different types of knowledge, confidence and communication to contribute equally to a joint publication. Collaborators who lack confidence to argue a case in a ‘live’ face-to-face debate can feel more comfortable making the same points in a wiki environment where the pace of discussion is slower and the quality of the thinking is more significant than force of personality.

Podcasts
Podcasts are audio recordings made available on the internet, which can be played on computers or downloaded to hand-held devices such as MP3 players, providing the potential for ‘anytime, anywhere’ mobile learning experiences. Users can subscribe to podcasts using RSS feeds, so that any new broadcast in a series is automatically downloaded to their PC or device. Podcasts have been embraced by the education sector, since they offer a lively method of communicating with different audiences – whether for lectures, discussions, audio guides etc…

Social Bookmarking
Social bookmarking allows users to save online resources as bookmarks, which can be accessed from any device with an Internet connection, both by the bookmarker and by the wider community. Most  bookmarking sites also allow bookmarks to be tagged to make finding them easier later. In these systems, bookmarks represent ‘links’ to web resources (they do not attach a copy of them). Examples of social bookmarking platforms include: digg, diigo

Media Sharing – Visual media can be uploaded and stored on a website and shared with please ensure that you refer to consent and copyright policies. Examples of media sharing platforms include: Flickr , You Tube

Social Networking – Involves the process of building online communities, often accomplished both through ‘groups’ and ‘friends lists’ that allow greater interaction on websites. Several approaches can be combined in these sites to make them extremely versatile e.g. blogging and file sharing. Examples of social networking platforms include: Cardiff University Connections Service, My Space, Facebook
Social software tools can provide significant support to both traditional teaching and distance education programs by facilitating interaction, collaboration, and the formation of
social networks among students.

Further Resources
Cardiff University Learning and teaching support
Learning Central
JISC e-Learning Programme
Donald Clarke “Don’t lecture me”
JISC Report “Higher Education in a Web 2.0 World”
www.jisc.ac.uk/media/documents/publications/heweb20rptv1.pdf
HEA e-Learning Programme
JISC Advance – Guide to Digital Media
7things you should know about… Podcasting
7 things you should know about… Blogs
7 things you should know about… Wikis